Active/Common Signals

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Description[edit]

These are signals that have are active or have been active within the last 6-12 months. You have a very good chance of finding any one of these out on the airwaves.

Click the name of a signal to see more detailed information, possible decoding, and additional sound and waterfall samples

Color Legend
Inactive
(No longer in use)
Active
(Currently in active use)
Status
Unknown or Intermittent
Signal Name Description Frequency Mode Modulation Bandwidth Location Sample Audio Waterfall image
'Ghadir' OTH Radar 'Ghadir', is an Iranian over the horizon radar, part of Iran's Sepehr Phased Radar System. 28 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 29.7 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation Pulse 60 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 1 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Iran IranOTH.png
'OTH-SW' OTH Radar The PRC OTHOver The Horizon (very long range)-SW over the horizon radar MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FMCW 40 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 80 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz China OTH RADAR.png
2006 Kia Grand Carnival Keyfob KIA VQ_TXTransmit_3KEY Unlocks the 2006 Kia Grand Carnival, Operates at 433.9 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz - 434 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz. 433.92 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 100 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Kia Grand Carnival Keyfob.PNG
29B6 'Kontayner' OTH Radar 29B6, nicknamed 'Kontayner', is a Russian over the horizon radar. It is currently very active in Europe. 6.1 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 32 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FMOP, Pulsed 3.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 28 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia Kontainer.png
3G WCDMA WCDMA, known primarily as 3G mobile, is a family of 3G data protocols used to send voice, text and signaling data to smart phones and other wireless devices. 824 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 2,100 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW, AMAmplitude Modulation QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation, QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol), CDMACode Division Multiple Access 4.2 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 3GWCDMA.png
4G LTE Network Long Term Evolution Network. Also known as 4G LTE Data and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA). Data service for wireless consumer devices. 450 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 3,500 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, PSKPhase-Shift Keying, QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation 1.4 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 20 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide LTE Thumb.jpg
5G "New Radio" cellular network - Downlink 5G cellular, also known by 3GPP '5G' NR (new radio), etc. is a newly released cellular standard that allows for backwards compatibility with 4G LTE, and will allow for several gigabits of connection speeds, (up to 10-100Gb) per second. This is the 600 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz downlink band for the new standard. 600 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 50,000 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation UFMC, GFDM, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, FBMC 100 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide 5Gdownlink.png
77Ya6 'Voronezh' radar 150 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 440 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation FMCW MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Russia Voronezh-dm-437-439-mhz.jpeg
802.11n The most common type of Wi-Fi 2,412 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 5,865 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol), QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol), 16QAM, 64QAM 20 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 40 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide Immy.png
8PSK 8PSK8-Phase Phase-Shift Keying (3 bits per symbol) is an amateur digital UTF8-text and data mode designed by John Phelps KL4YFD in 2014. It's goal is to provide medium speed data using generic FMFrequency Modulation and SSBSingle-sideband modulation radios. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 3,000 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables),FMFrequency Modulation 8PSK8-Phase Phase-Shift Keying (3 bits per symbol) 125 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 1.2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide 8PSK500F.png
AIST 2D 435.315 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PM/PCM 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide AIST2D.png
AKKORD-SS-PD Russian datalink used during the invasion of Ukraine. 7.051 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) 1.2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia AKKORD-SS-PD.png
ALE-400 ALEAutomatic Link Establishment-400 is an amateur version of the 2G ALEAutomatic Link Establishment standard. It is adapted to the demands of amateur radio emergency traffic handling. 1.806 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 144.163 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 400 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide ALE-400.jpg
ARGOS A-DCS Data collection system carried onboard polar-orbiting weather satellites 465.99 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 54 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide KMS4-Waterfall.jpg
ARQ-E(E3) ARQAutomatic Repeat reQuestAutomatic Repeat Query-E, also known as ARQAutomatic Repeat reQuestAutomatic Repeat Query-1000 Duplex or ARQAutomatic Repeat reQuestAutomatic Repeat Query-1000D, is a synchronous full-duplex ARQAutomatic Repeat reQuestAutomatic Repeat Query system. ARQAutomatic Repeat reQuestAutomatic Repeat Query-E3 is a variant that uses a different alphabet encoding. Mainly used by French Military Forces. Stations commonly idled for hours on end. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 85 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 850 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide ARQE3192Bd.png
ASCII ASCII (also known as ITA5 or IRA) is an amateur radio telegraphy signal using the ITA-5 alphabet. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 450 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation, USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide ASCII.jpg
ATSC 3.0 Broadcast Advanced Television Systems Committee standard, version 3.0 RAW OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz United States; South Korea ATSC3.png
ATSC Broadcast Advanced Television Systems Committee Television. 8VSB Modulation 54 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 700 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW 8VSB MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz United States ATSCthmb.jpg
Adam H Image Capable Digital Mode (AHICDM) AHICDM is a simple, slow and reliable modulation protocol that allows binary data in standard ASCII to be sent over audio. Digital Custom United Kingdom AHICDM.png
Adam H Secure Communication (AHSC) AHSC uses a randomly generated One-Time-Pad to secure communications between transmitter and receiver. Used for unscheduled transferring of data due to the architecture of the protocol / mode which makes decoding the message impossible if the transmission was not listened to from the beginning. USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) United Kingdom AHSC.png
Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) Short messages sent to and from aircraft 129 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 137 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide ACARS.jpg
Amplitude Modulation (AM) Long range commercial broadcast and international radio. Also used for aviation communications. 153 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 137 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation AMAmplitude Modulation 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide AM radio.jpg
Aprizesat Data downlink from Aprizesat microsatellites. Aprizesat constellation consists of 12 Active satellites, These provide a worldwide M2M asset tracking service and relay AIS packets. 400.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 400.65 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) GMSKGaussian Minimum-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide AprizesatWF.png
Aqua Direct Broadcast (DB) A direct broadcast sent in the X band by the NASA Aqua satellite for reception by end users. 8,160 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW OQPSK 15 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide Aqua DB.png
Autocab This is an example of the Autocab Media Data Terminals used by cab companies all over the world. 163.375 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United Kingdom Autocab.jpg
Automated Train Control System (ATCS) Automated Train Control System (ATCS), specifically ATCS Spec. 200, is a standardized communication system for railroads designed to ensure safety by monitoring locations of trains and locomotives, providing analysis and reporting, and automation of track warrants and similar orders. 896.888 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 936.988 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States ATCS2.png
Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) ADS-B is used by aircraft to broadcast tracking information and identification. 978 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,090 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW PPMPulse Position Modulation MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide ADS-BTHMB.jpg
Automatic Identification System (AIS) Automatic Identification System (AIS) is used by ships to broadcast position and vessel information. 161.975 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 162.025 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GMSKGaussian Minimum-Shift Keying 25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide AIS.jpg
Automatic Link Establishment (2G ALE) Automatic Link Establishment, 2G ALEAutomatic Link Establishment (Official designation MIL-STD-188-141A and/or MIL-STD-188-141B (Appendix A)) is the current standardized method of establishing connections between radio operators. Also known as FED-STD 1045, FED-STD 1049, and STANAGNATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG), defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 5066. 3.068 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 28.313 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide ALE2G.jpg
Automatic Link Establishment (3G ALE ARCS) 3G ALEAutomatic Link Establishment (ARCSAutomatic Radio Control System) is the next generation of ALEAutomatic Link Establishment (Designated by MIL-STD-188-141B (Appendix C)). Also known as STANAGNATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG), defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 4538, although MIL 188-141 does not provide Fast LSU. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide 3Gale.jpg
Automatic Link Set-up (ALIS) Automatic Link Set-up (ALIS) is an automatic link system used by Rohde & Schwarz modems. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 270 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide ALIS.jpg
Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) Packet system for real time data communications. Used by hams for location reporting, weather stations etc. 144.39 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 432.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation AFSKAudio Frequency-Shift Keying 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide APRS.jpg
Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) Automatic Picture Transmission (APT), also known as NOAA-GEOSAT, is an analog image transmission mode used by the NOAA weather satellites and some Russian weather satellites to transmit satellite weather photos. 137.1 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 137.913 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation 34 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide APT NOAA.jpg
Automatic Transmitter Identification System (ATIS) ATIS systems are identification tags used by inland commercial waterway traffic on rivers in Europe. The FSKFrequency-Shift Keying burst is appended at the end of every voice transmission by the vessel operator. 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 800 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 12 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Europe ATIS voice samp.jpg
Automatic Vehicle Monitoring (AVM) Proprietary FFSKFast Frequency-Shift Keying data network used for public transport telemetry. 507.225 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 517.875 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FFSKFast Frequency-Shift Keying 7.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Australia Mpt1327 clone.png
BPC BPC is the callsign of the Chinese low-frequency time broadcasting station, located near Shangqiu, Henan in China. 68.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) AMAmplitude Modulation HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). China BPC.jpg
BPM BPM is a time signal transmitted by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, broadcasting from CAS's National Time Service Center in Pucheng County, China. 2.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 15 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation AMAmplitude Modulation 3.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz China BPM.jpg
Binary Interchange of Information and Signaling (BIIS) BIIS (also known as BIIS 1200) is an ETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards Institute. An independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry in Europe, developing global telecommunications standards. protocol for a digital selective calling method with the added benefit of extended capability of transmitting data that exceeds what could be done with old 5-tone analog calling methods like CCIRComité Consultatif International pour la Radio (Predecessor of the ITU-R) and ZVEI. 35 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 800 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FFSKFast Frequency-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Europe BIISthmb.jpg
BlueWalker-3 Wideband Telemetry Wideband telemetry signal from BlueWalker-3 experimental satellite. 2,245 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol) MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide BW3WB.png
Bluetooth Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances. 2,400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 2,485 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying, DPSKDifferential Phase-Shift Keying MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide Blut.png
Broadband Global Area Network (BGAN) Proprietary satellite network owned and operated by Inmarsat that provides cellular 3G equivalent data and voice services to subscribers. 1,525 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,559 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz WFMWideband Frequency Modulation QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) 200 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Bgan.png
CAS-4A/B Satellite Telemetry CAS-4A/B Satellite 4.8 kbpsKilobits per second (kbps) GMSKGaussian Minimum-Shift Keying Telemetry Downlink. 145.835 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 145.89 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GMSKGaussian Minimum-Shift Keying 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide CAS4B2.png
CCIR 493-4 Selcall CCIRComité Consultatif International pour la Radio (Predecessor of the ITU-R) 493-4 Selcall, also known as HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) Selcall, Australian Selcall, and Codan 8580 Selcall, is a Selcall standard developed in Australia for the HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) band. Used by Amateur radio and Codan Modems. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide Ccir 493.jpg
CDMA2000 (3G physical layer) CDMACode Division Multiple Access is another standard for Cellular Devices with GSM being the first encrypted standard. 450 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,900 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) 1.23 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz United States CDMA2.png
CDMA420 410 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 425 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) 2.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Poland CDMA420LTE420.png
CHU CHU is a time signal radio station operated by the Institute for National Measurement Standards of the National Research Council of Canada. 3.33 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 14.67 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying, OOKOn-Off Keying Modulation 2.25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Canada CHU.jpg
CIS MFSK-16 XPA2 Enigma Designation XPA2, also known as MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying-16, CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying-14, and CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying-16, is a 14-tone MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying signal said to have origin from Russian Intelligence and Foreign Ministry stations. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 250 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia XPA2.png
CIS MFSK-16 XPB A digital mode used by Russian intelligence 4.4 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 20 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 2.8 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia XPB4 b.png
CIS MFSK-20 XPA Enigma Designation XPA, also known as MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying-20, CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying-17, and CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying-20, is a 17-tone MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying signal said to have origin from Russian Intelligence and Foreign Ministry stations. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 800 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia XPA10.png
CIS MFSK-68 New Russian MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying Modem that uses 68 MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying (5 tones at a time) as well as a 9000 BdBaud (unit symbol Bd) is the unit for symbol rate or modulation rate in symbols per second. 8-PSK8-Phase Phase-Shift Keying (3 bits per symbol) insert every second which spans 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz wide. This signal is often found attributed with CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-3000, where CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-3000 acts as the ALEAutomatic Link Establishment for this signal as well as CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-128. 7.659 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 18.28 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying, PSKPhase-Shift Keying 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia CIS MFSK-68.jpg
CIS OFDM HDR Modem Russian OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing HDR (High Data Rate) Modem. Has three main modes: CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-45, CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-60, and CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-93, corresponding to the number of OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing tones in the signal. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 2.8 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 3 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia CIS-45 33bd.jpg
CIS-112 CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-112 OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing signal. Has a preamble of 7 Tones (not including carrier), then 56 tones before entering into the 112 tone data transmission. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia CIS-112 pramb.jpg
CIS-12 CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-12 (Also known as MS5, FIRE, AT-3004D, or AT-3104D) is a 12-tone PSKPhase-Shift Keying Russian military multi-channel modem. 7.026 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 14.6 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 3.1 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia CIS-12.jpg
CIS-128 CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-128 is an OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing mode that uses 128 channels, with one “off” channel in the center, so the signal is divided into two 64 channel parts. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation 3.1 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 6.1 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia CIS-128.jpg
CIS-3000 CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-3000 is an 8-PSK8-Phase Phase-Shift Keying (3 bits per symbol) Data Modem protocol. Its source is traced to Russia. 3000 is for its 3000 BaudBaud (unit symbol Bd) is the unit for symbol rate or modulation rate in symbols per second. speed (maximum speed is technically 9000 bpsBits per second (bps)). MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 3.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia CIS-3000.jpg
CIS-36-50 CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-36-50, also known as BEE-36 and T-600, is an FSKFrequency-Shift Keying modem used by the Russian Navy. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 550 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia CIS-36-50.jpg
CIS-40.5 CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-40.5 (Also known as T-206) is an FSKFrequency-Shift Keying signal used in Russian Military Communications Equipment. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 600 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia CIS-40.5.jpg
CIS-48 CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-48 is an interesting data mode with a unique format. It uses a 4 DBPSK Preamble with a constant tone and changing OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing modes as it transmits data. Origin is suspected to be in Russia. 5.017 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 17.289 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 3 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Russia CIS-48.jpg
CIS-50-50 CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-50-50 is very similar to CISCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the former Soviet Republic-36-50. The main difference is in the available baudBaud (unit symbol Bd) is the unit for symbol rate or modulation rate in symbols per second. rates and frequency shifts used. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 150 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 630 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia CIS-50-50.jpg
CLOUDSAT Downlink Dump to European ground station from the CLOUDSAT cloud profiling satellite. 2,217.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol) MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Europe Cloudsat dump.png
CLOVER 2000 CLOVER 2000 is an upgrade to CLOVER-II, a digital data protocol developed by Ray Petit and HAL Communications. Sometimes referred to as XCLOVER or 8 Tone CLOVER. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide CLOVER-2000new.jpg
CLOVER 2500 CLOVER 2500 is a new upgrade to CLOVER-2000, adding 25% more speed to the CLOVER system. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation 2.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide CLOVER-2500.jpg
CLOVER-II CLOVER-II is the advancement of CLOVER-I, with 4 tone pulses and a max data rate of 750 bpsBits per second (bps). Also known as Q-CLOVER and QUAD-CLOVER. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation 500 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide CLOVER-II.jpg
CODAR CODAR (Coastal Ocean Dynamics Applications Radar) is used for near-surface ocean monitoring, such as waves and water current. 4.438 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 42.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) ILFM 50 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide CODARthm.jpg
COFDMTV COFDMTV is a simple easy to use picture transmission mode that utilizes COFDMCoded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (Coded orthogonal frequency-division) SSBSingle-sideband modulation,FMFrequency Modulation,AMAmplitude Modulation COFDMCoded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, 8-PSK8-Phase Phase-Shift Keying (3 bits per symbol), QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) 1.6 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 3.2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz COFDMTV2.png
CORIOLIS Tactical Direct Broadcast Direct Broadcast digital signal from the CORIOLIS satellite, primarily carries data from the WindSat instrument. 2,221.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol) MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide CORIOLIS DB.png
California Smart-Meter This is a signal from a Californian Electricity 'Smart Meter'. Each house is now fitted with one of these, and they are strong - typically 50 dBThe decibel (dB) is a logarithmic unit used to express the ratio of two values of a physical quantity, here the strength of a received signal. above the atmospheric noise level. 902 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 928 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 15 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States Open-Way-Centron Smart-Meter Waterfallthmb.png
Chilean Naval Time Signal Naval VHFVery High Frequency (30-300 MHz) time signal found in Chilean Coast, in Vina Del Mar 148.125 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FMFrequency Modulation 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Vina Del Mar, Chile ChileanTimeSignal.png
China digital radio (CDR) Convergent Digital Radio (CDR) or China Digital Radio is an in-band-on-channel (IBOCIn-Band On-Channel (IBOC) is a hybrid method of transmitting digital radio and analog radio broadcast signals simultaneously on the same frequency.) digital radio broadcasting format used in China. It can be found in multiple bandwidth configurations with different modulation formats. 106.1 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 100 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 500 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz China CroppedCDR.png
Chinese 4+4 Chinese 4+4, also known as 4+4 or PRC 4+4, is a multi-carrier transmission mode. It used by Chinese Diplomatic services with most traffic originating from Beijing, China. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 2.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz China CHN 4+4.jpg
Chinese Firedrake Jammer Commercial AMAmplitude Modulation Broadcast jamming signal that plays Chinese folk songs to jam specific radio stations in Asia from being received by listeners. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 18 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation AMAmplitude Modulation 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz China CHN Jammer.png
Chinese Multitonal Jammer 9.045 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PPMPulse Position Modulation 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Oddity.PNG
Codan Data Modem Codan Data Modulation for Codan Data Modems. Has 3 distinct signals: Data, ALEAutomatic Link Establishment, and SELCAL. This modulation is used in Codan's 9001, 9002, 3012 and 3212 modems. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 400 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 2.56 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Codan Modem.jpg
CompuLert Low speed FSKFrequency-Shift Keying telemetry to monitor and control warning sirens that are used to warn the public of threats such as tsunamis, severe weather, chemical spills and civil emergencies. 453.375 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Compulert.jpg
Contestia Contestia, developed by Nick Fedoseev (UT2UZ) in 2005, is a digital mode derived from Olivia. It aims to deliver a compromise of speed and performance. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 150 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Contestiathmb.png
Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System (CTCSS) CTCSS, also known as Private Line and Channel Guard, is a low continuous tone transmitted on NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation voice transmissions that is used to squelch and manage transmissions on a given frequency. 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 800 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation CWContinuous Wave kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 30 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide CTCSS vce.jpg
Cuban Jammer Cuban jammers jam the frequencies of Radio Martí, Radio Republica and occasionally WRMI radio. 5.98 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 13.82 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz DSBDual Side Band Modulation 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Cuba Cuban Jammer spectrum.png
D-STAR D-STAR is a digital voice protocol used by ham radio. Is sometimes routed over the internet for international communications. 145.67 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GMSKGaussian Minimum-Shift Keying 6.25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide DSTAR.jpg
DB0UPB research beacon The is a research beacon for training neuronal networks. 3.6 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 14.101 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz LSBLower Side Band Modulation, USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying, LSBLower Side Band Modulation, USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) 2.7 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Germany DB0UPB.png
DCF77 DCF77 is a German longwave time signal radio station based at 77.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz. DCF uses an AMAmplitude Modulation modulated carrier and phase modulation sidebands to transmit its time signal. 77.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) AMAmplitude Modulation, PSKPhase-Shift Keying 1.3 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Germany DCF77.jpg
Datawell Buoy HF Link Datawell Buoy HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) Links transmitted by Datawell Marine measurement buoys, measuring ocean conditions, temperature, and wave current. 25.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 45 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying, MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 200 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 400 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide Datawell 2FSK.jpg
Denso 4EA Key Fob Denso Wireless Key Fob 4EA built by Denso Corporation for General Motors auto brands Chevrolet and Buick. Used on Chevrolet Camaro and Malibu from 2016+. Used on Buick Lacrosse 2017+. 433.92 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation AMAmplitude Modulation, ASKAmplitude-Shift Keying 15 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide HYQ4EA KeyFob.jpg
Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) Differential GPS (DGPS), also known as M823 DGPS and SC-104 DGPS, is a supplementary correction signal used by GPS receivers to increase the accuracy of GPS based positioning. 283.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 2.95 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) 150 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 250 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide DGPS 200Bd.png
Digisonde Digisondes are ionosondes that use pulsed signal that can gather more radar information than a traditional ionosonde sweep. 500 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW Pulsed 30 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide DigisondeCrop.png
Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) DAB is an audio broadcasting standard containing a multiplex of digital radio stations in the signal. 174 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 239 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 1.535 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide Dab+.JPG
Digital Audio Broadcasting Plus (DAB+) DAB+ is a medium of delivering broadcast radio, containing multiple stations in a single multiplex. 174 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 230 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 1.536 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide Dab+.JPG
Digital Dispatch Systems MDT Digital Dispatch Systems Mobile Data Terminal is a dispatching system used by taxi and private transportation companies. 152 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 854.788 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States MDT data terminals.jpg
Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) DECT is a ETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards Institute. An independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry in Europe, developing global telecommunications standards. standard for short range communications, mainly cordless phones. It uses a 10 channel/24 slots in a TDMATime Division Multiple Access FDD structure. Audio sample is 100 times slower than real for listening purposes. 1,880 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,900 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying 1.6 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide DECT waterfall.jpg
Digital Mobile Radio (DMR) Digital Mobile Radio (DMR) is an open digital mobile radio standard defined by ETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards Institute. An independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry in Europe, developing global telecommunications standards. and used in commercial products around the world. Mostly used by private network and local police, can be encrypted. Used in MOTOTRBO products. 66 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 860 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation 4FSK4-Level Frequency Shift Keying 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide DMR.jpg
Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB) Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB) is a digital radio transmission technology developed in South Korea as part of the national IT project for sending multimedia such as TV, radio and datacasting to mobile devices such as mobile phones, laptops and GPS navigation systems. 174 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 216 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz DQPSKDifferential Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 1.536 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz South Korea DMB-TDMB-Waterfall-01.jpg
Digital NBTV Method for transmitting digital images via radio, similar to WinDRM or KG-STV MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 470 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz SSBSingle-sideband modulation, FMFrequency Modulation BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol) 2.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide D-NBTV.png
Digital Private Mobile Radio (dPMR) dPMR is an open, non-proprietary trunked radio standard developed by ETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards Institute. An independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry in Europe, developing global telecommunications standards., published under ETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards Institute. An independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry in Europe, developing global telecommunications standards. TS 102 658. Supports both data and digital voice transmission. 149.019 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 446.2 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation 4FSK4-Level Frequency Shift Keying 6.25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide DPMR.jpg
Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) is a digital commercial broadcasting mode used to deliver FMFrequency Modulation-comparable sound quality to shortwave radio. 531 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 26.06 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 4.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 20 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide DRMimage.png
Digital Radio Mondiale Plus (DRM+) DRM+ is a VHFVery High Frequency (30-300 MHz) implementation of DRM primarily for the FMFrequency Modulation broadcast band. 47 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 230 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 100 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide NoWaterfallFiller.png
Digital Video Broadcasting — Terrestrial (DVB-T) Digital Video Broadcasting — Terrestrial (DVB-T) is a digital broadcast television format used in Europe and in many other countries in the world. 174 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 786 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 8 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide DVB-T image.jpg
Digital-Coded Squelch (DCS) Digital in-band signalling used to squelch and manage transmissions on a given frequency. 433 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 446 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying Worldwide DCS.JPG
Distress Radiobeacon (Digital) Digital Distress Radiobeacons (EPIRB's, PLB's and ELT's) are emergency radio beacons used for search and rescue operations to locate a vessel, plane, or person in distress. 406 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 1.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Epirb.jpg
Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) DTMF is a signaling mode used for a variety of purposes. It's most known for telephony dialing, but is in use for many different applications such as DTMF paging for DTMF-enabled VHFVery High Frequency (30-300 MHz)/UHFUltra High Frequency (300-3000 MHz) radios. 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 800 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 3.3 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide DTMF tones.png
EFR Teleswitch Europäische Funk-Rundsteuerung (EFR) Teleswitch (European Radio Ripple Control GmbH (ERA) Teleswitch) is an energy management system operated via long-wave radio. Uses two transmitters in Germany and one in Hungary. Also known by DCF39, DCF49 and HGA22. 129.1 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 139.9 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Europe EFR Teleswitch.jpg
ELEKTRO-L GGAK-E Direct Broadcast Broadcasts the data from the GGAK-E cosmic ray detector onboard ELEKTRO-L geostationary weather satellites 1,693 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz DSBDual Side Band Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 15 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Asia, Europe ELEKTRO-L N2 BCN.png
Emergency Alert System (EAS) The Emergency Alert System (EAS) is a national warning system in the United States, implemented since 1997, superceding the Emergency Broadcast System (EBS). 162.4 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 162.55 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 30 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States EAS NFM.jpg
Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (EMWIN) - Repeater The Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (EMWIN) is a system for distributing a live stream of weather information in the United States. This is the VHFVery High Frequency (30-300 MHz) Repeater of the network. 163.3 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 168.813 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation AFSKAudio Frequency-Shift Keying 20 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States EMWIN.png
Enhanced Digital Access Communications System (EDACS) EDACS is a trunked radio system developed by General Electric and Ericsson. EDACS was invented by General Electric in the mid-80s and is currently owned by Harris Corporation. Harris has announced that EDACS systems will no longer be supported by 2017. 160 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 941 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying 6.25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide EDACS 96k.jpg
Eurobalise downlink Downlink from train to balise 27.095 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation Europe Eurobalise.jpg
FLEX FLEX (Flexible Wide Area Paging Protocol) is Motorola's high speed one-way paging protocol that supports 1600, 3200, and 6400 bpsBits per second (bps). FLEX can transmit tone, numeric, alphanumeric, and binary data. 152.6 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 931.938 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying, 4FSK4-Level Frequency Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide FLEX.jpg
FM Broadcast Radio Commercial Broadcast FMFrequency Modulation radio stations. Used for the broadcast of many different radio programs, including music, news, sports, weather, and talk shows. 65 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 108 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz WFMWideband Frequency Modulation FMFrequency Modulation 38 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 200 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Broadcast FM.jpg
FM NBTV FMFrequency Modulation NBTV is a method to send moving images in a very narrow bandwidth (maximum 3 KHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz) MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 470 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz SSBSingle-sideband modulation, FMFrequency Modulation FMFrequency Modulation, BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol) 2.3 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Waterfall-20221028104650.jpg
FSQ Fast Simple QSO (FSQ) is an amateur radio digital modulation mode developed by Con Wassilieff ZL2AFP with Murray Greenman ZL1BPU in 2015. 3.58 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 10.149 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) IFK+Offset Incremental Frequency Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide FSQ.png
FST4W 136 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 1.839 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) 4-GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying Worldwide NoWaterfallFiller.png
FT4 FT4 is an amateur radio QSO communication protocol. 10.14 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 144.17 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying 83 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide Ft42.png
FT8 FT8 is an extremely-weak-signal amateur radio mode that transmits very limited communications. JS8, a variant of FT8, can send full conversations and relay messages 1.84 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 144.174 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying 50 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide FT8.png
FUNcube-1 Telemetry FUNcube-1 Telemetry is a telemetry signal sent from the Funcube-1 Cubesat amateur radio satellite. 145.935 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide FUNcube.jpg
Federal Signal Modem-MSK Signalling protocol developed for Federal Signal's line of civil defense warning siren systems. This signal is used for activation and telemetry of all units in a network. 150 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 160 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz North America Fs msk.png
GMDSS Digital Selective Calling Global Maritime Distress and Safety System's Digital Selective Calling (GMDSS-DSC) is a maritime communication protocol intended to initiate ship-to-ship, ship-to-shore and shore-to-ship radiotelephone and MFMedium Frequency (300-3000 kHz)/HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) radiotelex calls. 2.177 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 156.525 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 350 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide DSC GMDSS.jpg
GOES CDA Telemetry Telemetry signal sent from GOES 16, 17 and 18. 1,693 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol) 80 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz America, Asia Cda.png
GOES Data Collection System (DCS) Comes from the geostationary satellites GOES 16 and GOES 17. Relays information about water levels, lightning strikes, and other information. 1,679.9 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,680.2 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) 8PSK8-Phase Phase-Shift Keying (3 bits per symbol) 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 1.2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide GoesDCS300bd.jpeg
GOES High Rate Information Transmission (HRIT) GOES HRIT is a retransmission of satellite imagery and other information from the GOES-R series of satellites. 1,694.1 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol) 1.205 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide HRITnew.png
GRAVES The Grand Réseau Adapté à la Veille Spatiale (GRAVES) system is a French space-surveillance system for low-orbit (up to 1000km) satellites. Emitter is based near Dijon, France. 143.05 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW I/Q kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz France GRAVES.png
Glenayre Paging Link Glenayre's Paging Link. With QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation being used, It is a way to upkeep a linked paging transmitter when no data is broadcast. Glenayre C2100/C2000 model control systems were likely to use this. 152 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 512 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation United States Glenayre paging link spectra.PNG
Global Positioning System (GPS) GPS is the USA's global navigation satellite system which provides precision position, navigation, and timing services to devices around the globe. 1,176.45 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,575.42 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol), QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation, DSSS, BOC, TMBOC 22 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 25 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide GPS.png
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) GSM is a 2G digital cellular network standard developed by ETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards Institute. An independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry in Europe, developing global telecommunications standards.. As of 2014 it has become the default global standard for mobile communications. 450 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,900 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW, AMAmplitude Modulation, FMFrequency Modulation GMSKGaussian Minimum-Shift Keying 200 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Gsm.JPG
Gonets Gonets (Russian Гонец, for Messenger) is a Russian civilian low Earth orbit communications satellite system. 265 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 388 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GMSKGaussian Minimum-Shift Keying 20 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Gonet.png
Graw DFM-17 (Radiosonde) Radiosonde developed by Graw/Noris Group GmbH for upper air weather observation 400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 405.99 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Dfmwaterfall.png
Grimeton Radio (SAQ) UNESCO World Heritage transmitter, using an Alexanderson alternator for rf generation 17.2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 40.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave Sweden Saq vvv.gif
HC-265 Voice Scrambler HC-265 is a Voice Scrambling mode developed by Hagelin Crypto for their HC-265 CRYPTOCOM secure voice unit. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 2.25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 3 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide HC 265.jpg
HD Radio (AM) HD Radio is a proprietary digital broadcast radio format transmitted in North America, usually as sidebands on analog carriers. This is the AMAmplitude Modulation band implementation of HD Radio. 535 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 1.7 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 30 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States Hd radio am.jpg
HD Radio (FM) HD Radio is a proprietary digital broadcast radio format transmitted in North America, usually as sidebands on analog carriers. This is the FMFrequency Modulation band implementation of HD Radio. 87.7 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 107.9 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 400 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States HD Radio fm broadcast.jpg
HFGCS (High Frequency Global Communications System) HFGCS is a series of networks deployed by the United States Air Force to send encoded messages to deployed aircraft. This network is well known for it's coded EAM's (Emergency Action Messages) used for coordinating United States Strategic Nuclear Forces. 4.724 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 15.016 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) 2.95 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide 11175 KHZ Crop Waterfall.png
HORYU-4 Telemetry 437.375 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol) Worldwide HORYU-4 Telemetry Waterfall2.png
High Frequency Data Link (HFDL) HFDL, also known as HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz)-ACARS, ARINC 753, ARINC 635, and HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) DATALINK,is a data link that aircraft use to communicate short messages over long distances using HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) signals. 2.9 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 22 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 2.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide HFDL.jpg
High Frequency Data and Voice Link (HFDVL) HFDVL (or HFD+VL) is an experimental mode developed by research groups from The University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and The Polytechnic University of Madrid. This mode is intended for military use in accordance with STANAGNATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG), defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 5066 parameters. 14.35 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 14.829 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Spain HFDVL.jpg
High Resolution Data (HRD) The HRD direct broadcast is an X-band continuous downlink from NOAA JPSS satellites of mission environmental data to users on the ground that are equipped with a suitable receiver. 7,812 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW OQPSK, QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) 25 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 35 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide Hrd.png
Horus Binary 4FSK - v2 An efficient RTTYRadio TeleTYpe-like 4FSK4-Level Frequency Shift Keying mode that transmits binary data, used for amateur high altitude balloon telemetry. Developed by the Project Horus group. 431 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 434 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) 4FSK4-Level Frequency Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Horus4fskwaterfall.png
Hyundai Mobis RKE-4F16 Key Fob Hyundai Mobis RKE-4F16 Wireless Key Fob for Hyundai Sonata models 2014-Present. 433.92 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz WFMWideband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 110 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Hyundai Key Fob.jpg
ICAO Selcal ICAO Selcal (also known as AVCALL, ANNEX 10, or just SELCAL) is a HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz)/VHFVery High Frequency (30-300 MHz) aviation selective calling system used by ground stations to initiate radio communications with aircraft. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 300 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 1.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide ICAO Selcall sample.jpg
ICARUS (International Cooperation for Animal Research Using Space) ICARUS aims its services primarily at scientific groups that perform basic and application-oriented research with migrating animals. 468.1 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 32 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide ICARUS.jpg
ICV ICV is a NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization-operated VLFVery Low Frequency (3-30 kHz) transmitted located in the island of Tavolara, Sardinia, Italy. 20.27 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 20.76 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) Italy ICV.png
Inmarsat Aero Inmarsat Aero is the protocol that's used to link ground stations with aircraft via Inmarsat's satellite link. This protocol carries digital voice, fax and low speed data such as ACARS and ADS-C. 1,545 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 3,687 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 800 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 10.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide Inmarsat Aero.jpg
Inmarsat-C TDM Inmarsat C provides two-way data and messaging communication services to and from virtually anywhere in the world. The low-cost terminals and antennas are small enough to be fitted to any size of ship. 1,537.7 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,539.685 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 2.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Inmarsat TDM NCS.jpg
Instrument Landing System Radio navigation system that allows aircraft to perform precision approaches in low visibility conditions. 108 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 335 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation 15 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Ils waterfall.png
Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (iDEN) iDEN is a TDMATime Division Multiple Access-based digital wireless standard developed by Motorola. It is a type of trunked radio with cellular phone benefits. 806 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 869 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation, TDMATime Division Multiple Access 18.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide IDEN image.jpg
Interferance signal from old computer screen A very crunchy signal coming from my Old hyundai computer screen, the sound changes depending on what is shown on the screen 639.006 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation, DSBDual Side Band Modulation 23 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz WORLDWIDE Screenshot 2021-01-11 133411.png
Ionized Meteor Trails Meteors traversing the E region of the atmosphere approximately 60 - 90 miles up create ionizing trails which can reflect and refract radio waves from commercial FMFrequency Modulation radio stations that are hundreds and sometimes thousands of miles away from the receiver. 88.3 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation Worldwide Screen 1506684611.68 (3).jpg
Ionosonde An Ionosonde (Also known as a chirpsounder or ionospheric sounder) is a radar that examines the Ionosphere and monitors HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) propagation conditions by sweeping the HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) band and receiving the echoes. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 40 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FMCW HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide Ionosonde2e.png
Iranian Navy QPSK Modem Iranian Navy QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) Modem is a QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) mode used by the Iranian Navy. It has gone through several versions. The current version (2015) is V2 and supports speeds of 468 BdBaud (unit symbol Bd) is the unit for symbol rate or modulation rate in symbols per second., 936 BdBaud (unit symbol Bd) is the unit for symbol rate or modulation rate in symbols per second., and 1872 BdBaud (unit symbol Bd) is the unit for symbol rate or modulation rate in symbols per second.. 8.046 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 17.382 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 2.85 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Iran Iranian Navy QPSK 468.jpg
Iridium This is the L-band uplink/downlink for the Low Earth Orbit Iridium Satellite Constellation. This system is used for satellite based phone calls. 1,616 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,626.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW PSKPhase-Shift Keying 31.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide IridiumTDMA.png
Israeli Navy Hybrid Modem (188-110 MOD) The Israeli Naval Hybrid Modem is based on the MIL-STD-188-110 Serial Standard. Has characteristic preamble with 4/6 Tone and 18 QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) parallel mode before 110 Serial transmission. Possible use as a broadcast transmitter for ships. Used by the Israeli Navy 4XZ station from Haifa. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 2.75 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Israel Mil Mod Israeli.jpg
JJY JJY, also known as JJY-40 and JJY-60, is the call sign for a pair of longwave Time Signal stations in Japan. 40 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 60 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) AMAmplitude Modulation HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Japan JJY.png
JS8 JS8Call is an extremely-weak-signal amateur radio communication mode based on FT8. It allows FT8 to be used for conversations and message relaying. 1.842 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 50.318 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying 50 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide JS8.png
JT65 JT65 is an amateur radio QSO communication protocol developed by Joe Taylor, K1JT. JT65 has 3 submodes: JT65A, JT65B, and JT65C. The most popular submode of JT65 is JT65A. JT65 gets '65' from the 65 tones it uses. 1.838 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 50.276 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 180 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 710 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide JT65AWaterfall.png
Japanese Slot Machine (XSL) The Japanese Slot Machine (Enigma Designation XSL) is a simplex system used by the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force in Ichihara, Japan. 4.153 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 8.703 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Japan XSL idle.jpg
Jim Creek (NLK) Jim Creek Naval Radio Station is used by the US Navy to transmit commands to distant submarines. 24.8 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). United States NLK.PNG
Jindalee Operational Radar Network (JORN) JORN is an Australian OTHR system that operates uniquely in that it's radar bursts include an intro tone before the burst. 8.992 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 22.95 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FMCW 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Australia JORN.png
John Deere RTK Radio 450 Real-time Kinematic GPS is a satellite navigation technique used to enhance the precision of position data derived from satellite-based positioning systems (global navigation satellite systems, GNSS) such as GPS, BeiDou, GLONASS, Galileo and NavIC. 435 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 470 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 7.49 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide GPS RTK.PNG
Kia SVI-JFRGE04 Key Fob Kia SVI-JFRGE04 Keyless entry transponder used for multiple Kia models, for model years 2014-2020 NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 55 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Kiakeyfobdesktop (1).png
LEOSAR Downlink Cospas-Sarsat downlink from polar orbiting weather satellites 1,544.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 350 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide LEOTIT.png
LORAN LORAN (short for LOng RAnge Navigation) is a hyperbolic radio navigation system. 100 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PPMPulse Position Modulation 20 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide LORAN.png
LTE Uplink Acquired via telecommunications carrier hardware during interference investigation of an Australian cellular network. 700 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 2,600 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz SC-FDMAFrequency Division Multiple Access QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide LTEopt.png
LTE-M 412.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 2,690 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation OFDMA, 16-QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation 1.08 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide LTE-M.png
Lightning Sferics VLFVery Low Frequency (3-30 kHz) RFRadio Frequency emissions from lightning in the atmosphere that can affect up to HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) frequencies and beyond depending on strength. Has a popping crackle sound with both USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) and AMAmplitude Modulation modes of reception. HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide Lightening Sfpherics.png
Link-11 Link-11 (Also known as ALLIGATOR, STANAGNATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG), defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 5511, TADIL-A, MIL-STD-6011, and MIL-STD-188-203-1A) is a Tactical Data Link standard (formerly known as Tactical Digital Information Link (TADIL) used by NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization and the US Military for Maritime Tactical Data Exchange. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 2.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 6 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Link-11Waterfall.png
Link-11 (UHF) This is the UHFUltra High Frequency (300-3000 MHz) band variant of Link-11, which is transmitted on a FMFrequency Modulation carrier. The FMFrequency Modulation-demodulated baseband is identical to the HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) Link-11 waveform. 225 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 399.975 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 30 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Link-11 UHF.jpg
LoJack LoJack is a vehicle tracking system that allows vehicles to be tracked by police, with the aim of recovering them in case of theft via a small radio transceiver clandestinely installed in a vehicle. 173.075 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FFSKFast Frequency-Shift Keying 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Lojack.jpg
LoRa LoRa (Long Range) is a proprietary low-power wide-area network modulation technique. 433 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 915 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation CSS 250 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide LORA 2.JPG
Lockheed Martin LMS-6 (Radiosonde) Radiosonde developed by Lockheed Martin for upper air weather observation 400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,682 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Lms6.png
Logic Trunked Radio (LTR) Logic Trunked Radio, is an analog trunked radio format developed by EF Johnson Company. 150 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 470 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz LTR2.png
Logitech(R) Wireless Mouse+Keyboard Signal This signal comes from Logitech(R) Brand wireless mouse and keyboard combo unit. 2,400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW PPMPulse Position Modulation, GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying 500 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide LOGITECH MOUSE-KBD COMBO ISM-BAND.jpg
Low Rate Picture Transmission (LRPT) The Low Rate Picture Transmission (LRPT) is a digital transmission system, commonly transmitted by METEOR-M satellites, used to deliver weather images and data. 137 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 138 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) 120 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide LRPTWaterfall.jpg
M17 RF Protocol An open source digital mode developed for amateur and other radio applications. 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 10,500 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation 4FSK4-Level Frequency Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide M17 wf.png
M20 Radiosonde Telemetry signal transmitted by M20 radiosondes 400.15 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 406 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 30 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide M20 WF.png
MDC1200 MDC (Motorola Data Communications), also known as Stat-Alert, MDC-1200 and MDC-600, is a Motorola two-way radio low-speed data system. 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 960 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation AFSKAudio Frequency-Shift Keying 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 20 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide MDC1200 3.png
METEOR-M High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) A variant of the NOAA HRPT signal, which has a different data structure and better low-signal handling characteristics. 1,700 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW PSKPhase-Shift Keying MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide METEOR HRPT WF.png
METOP Advanced High Resolution Picture Transmission (AHRPT) A high-speed digital link used by METOP weather satellites for direct data dissemination. 1,701.3 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,707 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide METOP-AHRPT-WF.png
MFJ-269C Antenna SWR Analyzer Popular antenna analyzer among ham operators and the like. Output power is only ~20mW so if heard, source is nearby. Other MFJ models may be similar. 500 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 500 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation, NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Gqrx wf 20190607 204049.png
MIL-STD-188-110 Appendix B 39-Tone MIL-STD-188-110 Appendix B is a 39-tone OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing DQPSKDifferential Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying mode used to send data and voice. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 2.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide 188-110 App B.jpg
MIL-STD-188-110 Serial MIL-STD-188-110 Serial is a US Department of Defense standard for HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) Communications, Serial PSKPhase-Shift Keying mode. Can transmit both data and voice with a range of interleaving and speed modes for optimal propagation. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 2.75 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide MIL STD 188-110ABC.jpg
MOBITEX MOBITEX is an OSI based open standard, national public access wireless packet-switched data network. 400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 900 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GMSKGaussian Minimum-Shift Keying, FFSKFast Frequency-Shift Keying 15 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide MOBITEX 8000.jpg
MONITOR-2(RS39S) 435.815 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation AFSKAudio Frequency-Shift Keying 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Monitor-22.png
MPT 1327 MPT1327 (Ministry of Posts and Telegraph 1327) is a signaling protocol standard for analog trunked radio 162.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 800 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FFSKFast Frequency-Shift Keying, FMFrequency Modulation 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide MPT1327 waterfall.png
MRZ-3MK Weather Balloon (radiosonde) MRZ-3MK is a Russian weather radiosonde. 1,680 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation PFM MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Russia MRZ3 MK.PNG
MRZ-N1 Weather Balloon (radiosonde) MRZ-N1 is a russian weather radiosonde. 403 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia MHZ.PNG
MSK144 MSK144 is a Minimum Shift Keying FSKFrequency-Shift Keying signal used for amateur radio meteor-scatter contacts. It transmits 144 bit long packets at a baudrate of 2000 bpsBits per second (bps) using frequencies 1000 and 2000 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz).. 50 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 440 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) 2.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide MSK144 2.png
MSM-1250 Modem MSM-1250 (Medium Speed Modem) is a 10 FSKFrequency-Shift Keying-2 OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing digital data protocol used by the stand-alone modem "SkyFax", used to transmit and receive faxes on HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz). MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 2.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 2.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide MSM-1250.jpg
MT63 MT63 is a Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) digital data mode aimed for use in high noise environments. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, PSKPhase-Shift Keying 500 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide MT63.jpg
Mazda SKE126-01 Key Fob SKE126-01 Key Fob used for multiple Mazda models between 2006-2014. Manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric Company. 433.413 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz WFMWideband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 100 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide SKE126-012.png
Mazielka (X06) Mazielka (X06) is a diplomatic selcall system used by the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Used to alert that a Serdolik transmission is going to occur soon, usually on a different frequency. 4.963 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 23.458 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 200 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia X06.jpg
Meteomodem M10 Weather Balloon (Radiosonde) Weather balloon (radiosonde) telemetry data. 400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 406 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 30 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide M10-sigidwiki1.jpg
Meteomodem PilotSonde Weather Balloon Weather balloon telemetry data. 400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 406 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 15 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Pilotsonde.png
Microsonde Mark II Weather Balloon - LORAN-C signal (Radiosonde) Weather balloon telemetry data. The LORAN-C signal is mixed into the carrier. 400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 406 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz WFMWideband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 130 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Microsondemk2.png
Milstar UHFUltra High Frequency (300-3000 MHz) FHSS Downlink of Milstar, a US joint military service satellite communications system that provides secure, jam resistant, worldwide communications. Nicknamed 'Waterdroplets' for it's characteristic waveform and sound. 243.785 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 243.822 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW FHSS 50 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Milstar FHSS.jpg
Modernised High Frequency Communications System (MHFCS) The Modernised High Frequency Communications System (MHFCS) is an Australian Department of Defense HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) System for their military communications network. Also known as AUS MIL ISBIndependent Side Band Modulation Modem, AUS MHFCS, and ADF HFCS. 2.01 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 27.478 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 400 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 750 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Australia ISB AUS MIL.jpg
Morse Code (CW) CWContinuous Wave Morse Code is the simplest form of transmission found virtually all over the RFRadio Frequency bands for a variety of uses. The most common use of this is for Call-sign Beacons by both Amateur and Military operators. kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 250,000 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz CWContinuous Wave OOKOn-Off Keying Modulation Worldwide CW.jpg
Motorola ASTRO 25 HPD Air Interface Motorola's ASTRO 25 High Performance Data Air Interface allows Motorola ASTRO 25 HPD modems to transfer data at up to 96 kbpsKilobits per second (kbps) over a 25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz channel in the 700 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz or 800 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz bands. 769 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 869 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation 17.7 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States Motorola-ASTRO25-HPD-HAI.png
Motorola Type II Radio trunking control channel. 136 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 941 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 16 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Moto.jpg
Multi Frequency Shift Keying (MFSK) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying is a family of multi-frequency shift keying digital transmission modes. MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying-8 and MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying-16 are two well-known amateur radio modes. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 154 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 630 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide MFSK 8 thmb.jpg
Multitone Paging Multitone Paging signal, developed by Multitone Electronics in the UK. Uses similar coding to POCSAG but the headers are different and only work with Multitone's range of paging products 25 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 470 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FFSKFast Frequency-Shift Keying 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Multitone Pager.jpg
NB-IOT Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoTInternet of Things) is a Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) radio technology standard developed by 3GPP to enable a wide range of cellular devices and services. 700 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,900 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) 200 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide NB-IOT.JPG
NFM Voice Used in analog walkie-talkies and communication systems. 27 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 864 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FMFrequency Modulation kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 30 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Sintitulo.png
NML Naval Radio Transmitter Facility (NRTF) transmits encrypted commands to submerged US submarines. 25.2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). United States NMLopt.png
NOAA Direct Sounder Broadcast (DSB) The Direct Sounder Broadcast (DSBDual Side Band Modulation) is an auxiliary telemetry downlink from NOAA Polar Operational Environmental Satellites (POES), transmitted alongside Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) broadcasts. 137.35 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 137.77 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 33.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide DSB.jpg
NOAA POES High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) A digital link to transmit images and other data collected from the satellite at a high resolution. 1,698 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 2,247.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW PSKPhase-Shift Keying MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide NOAA-HRPT-WF.png
NOV TACAMO (take charge and move out) is the back up communications system to the US nuclear submarine fleet in case an attack on land based transmitters disables them. A rotating fleet of Navy E6 jets equipped with 200 KW transmitters and two 2½-mile-long trailing wire antennas (TWA) at 35,000 ft altitude to provide 24/7 coverage. Short pings are transmitted every few seconds. 26.9 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave Worldwide TACAMO (2).jpg
NPM Naval Radio Transmitting Facility (NRTF) sends encrypted commands to submerged US naval submarines in the Pacific. 21.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). United States Lualualei HI (2).jpg
NWC Naval Communication Station (NCS) Harold E. Holt. Used jointly by the Australian and United States navies to transmit encrypted orders to submerged submarines in the Pacific. 19.8 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Australia HE Holt Australia (2).jpg
Near Field Communication (NFC) 13.56 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz ASKAmplitude-Shift Keying 1.7 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide NFC.png
Near Instantaneous Companded Audio Multiplex (NICAM) NICAM is used to provide digital stereo audio alongside PAL video for television broadcasts. 174 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 700 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW PSKPhase-Shift Keying 400 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide NoWaterfallFiller.png
Next Generation Digital Narrowband (NXDN) NXDN is a digital narrowband trunked radio protocol used in commercial, business & industry, transport and Public Safety professional radio systems. 136 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 520 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation C4FMContinuous 4-Level Frequency Modulation 6.25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide NXDN.jpg
Nokia Adaptive Message Terminal The Nokia Adaptive Message Terminal, also known as Nokia Adaptive Burst Modem and Kryapp 302, is a Finnish encrypted messaging system suggested to be used by Finnish Intelligence Services and Swedish Military. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 1.6 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide 300 Bd semiidle stanag 4202.jpg
Non-Directional Beacon (NDB) A Non-Directional Beacon (NDB) is a ground-based, low frequency radio transmitter used as an instrument approach for airports and offshore platforms. 190 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 1.8 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz CWContinuous Wave A2A (AMAmplitude Modulation) kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Ndb-pes.jpg
North Korean Diplo FSK North Korean Diplomatic FSKFrequency-Shift Keying link, teletype radio diplomatic usage. Also known as DPRK-FSKFrequency-Shift Keying, KRE-FSKFrequency-Shift Keying, DPRK-ARQAutomatic Repeat reQuestAutomatic Repeat Query, and KEGURI. Has a FECForward Error Correction stream mode and a burst ARQAutomatic Repeat reQuestAutomatic Repeat Query mode. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 29 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 1.2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 1.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz North Korea DPRK ARQ.jpg
OFDM NBTV OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing NBTV is an analog technique, in fact it is a true Fuzzy design as well. The transmission technique used is quite different from conventional TV HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz SSBSingle-sideband modulation Analog OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide NBTV OFDM.png
OPERA Beacon and Data OPERA Ad-Hoc Data/Beacon. The system is unique in that utilizes a serial data stream and Manchester coding, its therefore impossible to lose lock and its extremely robust in disturbed paths and heavy static. 136 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 10,000 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) ASKAmplitude-Shift Keying HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide Opera-1.png
Olivia OLIVIA is an amateur digital teletype mode designed by Pawel Jalocha SP9VRC in 2005. Its goal was to be effective even in poor propagation conditions. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 125 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Olivia 8-250y.png
One Beep, Two Beeps One Beep, Two Beeps is a nickname given to a signal emitted by the Norwegian Navy communications center in Bodø 4.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 6.429 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) Norway Picture.png
OpenSky 700 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,000 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation TDMATime Division Multiple Access 20.07 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide OpenSky2opt.png
Orbcomm Orbcomm satellites are used for monitoring and sending short text messages. 137 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 150 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation SDPSK 15 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide ORBCOMM.jpg
PACKET PACKET, also known as FSK300, AX25, and X25, is a packet based protocol derived from AX.25 and HDLC computer network protocols. Packet radio is a synchronous system in which data is transmitted in ASCII character packets. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 800 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 730 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide PACKET 300.jpg
PACTOR I PACTOR-I is a digital data protocol combining elements of PACKET and AMTOR ARQAutomatic Repeat reQuestAutomatic Repeat Query. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide PACTOR Addimg.jpg
PACTOR II PACTOR II is an advancement of PACTOR I. It is up to 8 times faster than PACTOR I. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 450 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide PACTOR IIstd.jpg
PACTOR III PACTOR III introduces 6 speed levels that provide higher throughput and improved robustness compared to PACTOR I and II. PACTOR III is on average 3.5 times faster than PACTOR II. With optimal conditions, PACTOR III becomes over 5 times faster. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 400 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 2.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide PACTORIIIthumb.jpg
PACTOR IV PACTOR IV is the newest iteration of the PACTOR series, advancing from PACTOR I-III. It is 1.5x-3x faster than PACTOR III, and has 10 speed levels. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 2.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide PACTOR IV.jpg
PLUTO II OTH Radar PLUTO II is an Over The Horizon Radar located in the Sovereign Base Area just outside RAF Akrotiri in Cyprus. PLUTO II is very active in Europe. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 38 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FMCW 20 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 40 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Cyprus PLUTO II.png
POCSAG POCSAG (Post Office Code Standardisation Advisory Group), also known as Super-POCSAG, Radio Paging Code No. 1 or RPC1, is a one-way 2FSK paging protocol that supports 512, 1200, and 2400 bpsBits per second (bps). 25 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 932 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide POCSAG Waterfallthmb.png
PSK Paging link Also known as PSKPhase-Shift Keying paging, is a one of a kind signal that allows side-by-side PSKPhase-Shift Keying to exist under extreme conditions in AFSKAudio Frequency-Shift Keying paging links, allowing for more dynamically processed DSP available. 150 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 470 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States Purc signaling.png
Panther-H Modem Panther-H is an intelligent frequency hopping transceiver developed by Racal (now Thales Group). Has a signature 8-burst SOC (Start Of Conversation) sync procedure. Used in Panther-2000H radios 1.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Panther-H SOC.png
Phase Shift Keying (PSK) PSKPhase-Shift Keying is a digital teletype mode based on Phase-Shift Keying (PSKPhase-Shift Keying) modulation. The most popular amateur radio PSKPhase-Shift Keying mode is PSKPhase-Shift Keying 31. 1.838 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 909 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 10 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 1 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide BPSKthumb.png
Polish Intelligence 100bd 625Hz FSK One-way broadcast system, used by one of Polish intelligence agencies for delivery of messages to their operatives abroad on fixed schedules. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 20 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 3.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Poland F11.png
Positive Train Control (PTC) Positive train control (PTC) is a system of functional requirements for monitoring and controlling train movements as an attempt to provide increased safety. 220 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW 20 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States PTC.jpg
Primary Aeronautical Surveillance Radar A Primary radar (PSR Primary Surveillance Radar) is a conventional radar sensor that illuminates a large portion of space with an electromagnetic wave and receives back the reflected waves from targets within that space. 1,215 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW Pulse MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide L-band radar.JPG
Primex Wireless Time Sync Primex Wireless Time Sync is a VHFVery High Frequency (30-300 MHz) Time Synchronization signal used in Primex Wireless's XR Series. 72.02 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 72.98 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 20 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide A112.jpg
ProVoice ProVoice is a digital voice mode used in EDACS trunked systems. 160 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 941 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying Worldwide Provoiceimg.png
Project 25 (P25) Project 25 (P25 or APCO-25) is a trunked radio standard developed by The Association of Public Safety Communications Officials International (APCO-25) for use with public safety organizations around the world. 136 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 859 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying, C4FMContinuous 4-Level Frequency Modulation, TDMATime Division Multiple Access 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide P25.jpg
QO-100-modem High speed modem for qo-100 amateur satellite narrow transponder. 10,489.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 10,490 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol), BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol), APSK 2.7 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz QO-100 footprint Qo-100 modem 1.JPG
Quadcopter Telemetry Signal This signal originates from the Silicon Instruments Si1000 Software Defined Radio (SDR) that is a component of the 3DR Telemetry Radio, sold for use as a data link between a computer ground station and a UAV "a drone". 414 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 935 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FHSS-TDM BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol), QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation, 8PSK8-Phase Phase-Shift Keying (3 bits per symbol) Worldwide No Audio File Quadcopter.png
RBU RBU is a time code radio station located in Moscow. It transmits a continuous 10 kW time code on 66.66 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz. 66.66 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 650 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia RBU .jpg
RDL RDL is a Russian VLFVery Low Frequency (3-30 kHz) station located in Krasnodar. It is one of the few VLFVery Low Frequency (3-30 kHz) stations that changes modes during routine transmissions. 18.1 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave FSKFrequency-Shift Keying, CWContinuous Wave-FSKFrequency-Shift Keying Russia RDL FSK.PNG
ROS ROS is an amateur radio teletype free running QSO mode designed for low signal/high noise conditions. 1.8 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) DSSS kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide ROS 8Bd.jpg
RWM RWM is a Russian shortwave time signal station. 4.996 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 14.996 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) OOKOn-Off Keying Modulation HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia RWM.png
Radio Data Link Access Procedure (RD-LAP) Motorola's Radio Data Link Access Procedure (RD-LAP) is a 1G protocol that was used in ARDIS and DataTAC Networks, and is still used in some MDTMobile Data Terminal, A mobile data terminal (MDT) is a computerized device used in public transit vehicles, taxicabs, commercial trucking fleets, military logistics, and emergency vehicles, such as police cars, to communicate with a central dispatch office.'s, as well as gas companies, police departments, fire departments, financial companies, etc. 150 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 850 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation 4FSK4-Level Frequency Shift Keying 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide RD-LAP image.jpg
Radio Data System (RDS) Radio Data System (RDS) and its North American variant, Radio Broadcast Data System (RBDS), are data modes transmitted on subcarriers of commercial FMFrequency Modulation radio station transmissions. 65 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 108 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz DSBDual Side Band Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide RBDS.png
Radio Teletype (RTTY) RTTYRadio TeleTYpe (Also known as Baudot or ITA2) uses the Baudot 5-bit alphabet with FSKFrequency-Shift Keying to send text messages over the shortwave. This mode is gradually dying out in favor of more robust modes like PSK31 in the amateur service. 147.3 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 28.15 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 85 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 850 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide RTTY thumbnail.jpg
Radioteknicheskaya Systema Dalyoloiy Navigatsii (RSDN-20) Russian Hyperbolic Radio Navigation System. Presumed to be used for Russian submarines and aircraft in the northern hemisphere, possibly worldwide. 11.91 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 14.88 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave 20 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia Rsdn.PNG
ReFLEX ReFLEX is a two-way paging variant of FLEX. 896 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 941 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FFSKFast Frequency-Shift Keying 40 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States ReFLEX.jpg
Relocatable Over-the-Horizon Radar (ROTHR) Relocatable Over-the-Horizon Radar (ROTHR), also known as AN/TPS-71, is an OTHOver The Horizon (very long range) Radar used by the United States Navy that uses bistatic ionospheric backscattering for wide area surveillance. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 28 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FMCW kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 100 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States UnknownHF.PNG
Robust PACKET Robust PACKET, also known as HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz)-APRSAutomatic Packet Reporting System, an amateur radio-based system for real time tactical digital communications of information of immediate value in the local area, RPR, Winlink RMS, and APRSlink, is an OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing version of the amateur mode PACKET which is optimized for shortwave use. This mode was developed by Spezielle Communications Systeme GmbH & Co. KG (SCS). 3.61 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 14.103 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 500 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide Robust PACKET.jpg
Russian Intelligence 200bd 1000Hz FSK One-way error-correcting broadcast system, used by one of Russian intelligence agencies for delivery of messages to their operatives abroad on fixed schedules. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 23 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia Russian Intelligence 200bd 1000Hz FSK.jpg
Russian overhead power line telemetry system Russian telemetry system, transmitted over the overhead power lines. 50 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 1 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 400 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia Pow tel 3.JPG
S-Band Jammer This is what the signal of a military S-Band (In this case 2.4 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz) RADAR and WiFi intentional interference (Jamming) device looks like. This signal is generated by a DDS system and is then used to modulate the output of a 2.45 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz magnetron (The same as in a microwave oven). 2,400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Noise 100 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 100 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide RADAR JAMMER HDSDR.jpg
SAS/SRC Swedish navy transmitter for submarine communication 40.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) Sweden SAS-SRC mod pattern.gif
SAS2 Swedish navy transmitter for submarine communication 42.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) Sweden SAS2 mod pattern 2.gif
SAS3 Swedish navy transmitter for submarine communication 44.2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) Sweden SAS3 mod pattern 2.gif
SHR 38 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) Sweden Shr mod patterns 1.gif
SITOR-A SITOR-A (Also known as AMTOR-A) is one of two modes of SITOR, which stands for Simplex Teletype Over Radio. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 350 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide SITOR-A.jpg
SITOR-B SITOR-B is one of two modes of SITOR (Simplex Teletype Over Radio). MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 350 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide SITORB.jpg
SNOTEL (Snow Telemetry) SNOTEL stations are a set of precipitation and other sensors spread across the mountains of the United States by the Department of Agriculture through the National Resources Conservation Service. 40.67 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States SNOTEL.png
SNOTEL (Snow Telemetry) SNOTEL stations are a set of precipitation and other sensors spread across the mountains of the United States by the Department of Agriculture through the National Resources Conservation Service. 40.67 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States SNOTEL.png
STANAG 4197 STANAGNATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG), defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 4197 is a NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization QPSKQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (2 bits per symbol) OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing signal used in ANDVT modems that transmit encrypted digital voice over HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz). MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 2.3 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide STANAG 4197.jpg
STANAG 4285 STANAGNATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG), defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 4285 is specified by the NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Military Agency for Standardization in "Characteristics of 1200 / 2400 / 3600 Bits per Second Single Tone Modulators / Demodulators for HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) Radio Links" 1.89 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 22.7 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 2.75 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide STANAG 4285.jpg
STANAG 4481 STANAGNATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG), defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 4481, also known as CRATT, Link-4, and NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization-75, is specified by the NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Military Agency for Standardization as a "Minimum technical equipment standards for naval HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) shore-to-ship broadcast system" 2.815 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 18.016 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying, PSKPhase-Shift Keying 1.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 2.75 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide STANAG 4481.jpg
STANAG 5065 STANAGNATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG), defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 5065 is defined as "Minimum Standards for Naval Low Frequency (LFLow Frequency (30-300 kHz)) Shore-To-Ship Surface Broadcast Systems", with two primary protocols, FSK75 and MSK300. 50 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 160 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying, MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) 235 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 360 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide STANAG 5065 FSK.jpg
STP403 Bus PIT System STP403 is a bus PITPassenger Information Terminals, such as bus timetable displays at bus stops system used to update digital displays at bus stops. STP403 was developed by French companies INEO and CESATEC. 164 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 468.488 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FFSKFast Frequency-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz France Fouine91 MPT1327-Like.jpg
Saab Grintek MHF-50 MFSK Modem The MHF-50 MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying Modem by Saab Grintek Technologies in South Africa is a data modem that utilizes RTTYRadio TeleTYpe, 2-FSKFrequency-Shift Keying, and 33-MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying to transmit data 4.245 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 12.982 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying, FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 2.2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz South Africa MHF-50.jpg
Secondary surveillance radar (SSR) Secondary surveillance radar (SSR)is a radar system used in air traffic control. A surveillance radar system which uses transmitters/receivers (interrogators) and transponders. 1,030 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW PPMPulse Position Modulation MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide Interrogator.JPG
Sensus Water meter (Acquisition units) These are samples from the Sensus Water meters. They are a FHSS ASKAmplitude-Shift Keying encoded data transmission for purposes of providing municipalities water meter telemetry (for billing how much water you use). 902 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 927 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz ASKAmplitude-Shift Keying, FHSS 175 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide SWD.png
Serdolik Serdolik is a MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying signal used by the Russian diplomatic service. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying 1.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia Crowd 36thmb.jpg
Siemens CHX-200 FSK Modem CHX200, also known as Siemens CHP200 and PRC-921/GY, is a backpack HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) ECCOM transceiver, designed and built by Siemens. 1.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide CHX200.jpg
Single Sideband Voice Single-sideband voice is a subtype of AMAmplitude Modulation voice modulation. It is used in HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) amateur bands and for weak signal VHFVery High Frequency (30-300 MHz) and UHFUltra High Frequency (300-3000 MHz) voice, as well as aircraft weather reports. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz SSBSingle-sideband modulation AMAmplitude Modulation 1.9 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide SSB Voice.jpg
Single frequency russian overhead power line telemetry system Russian telemetry system, transmitted over the overhead power lines. 50 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 1 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz SSBSingle-sideband modulation AMAmplitude Modulation 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia Lep2smalll.png
SiriusXM Satellite Radio SiriusXM Satellite Radio: Terrestrial Repeater Signal 2,332.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 2,345 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, PSKPhase-Shift Keying 12.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz United States XM Sattelite Radio.PNG
SkyOFDM Data transmission mode developed by SkySweep Technologies in Finland. Probably used by Finnish MFA MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 2.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Finland SkyOFDM.png
Slow-Scan Television (SSTV) Slow-scan television (SSTV) is a method for picture transmission used by amateur radio operators to transmit and receive images. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 450 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables), LSBLower Side Band Modulation, NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation FMFrequency Modulation 2.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Robot 36waterfall.jpg
Snap Circuits SCROV-10 Remote Control A remote control transmission from the controller from an Elenco Snap Circuits SCROV-10 kit. 27.145 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW ASKAmplitude-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz SCROV-10.png
Soyuz-MS spacecraft telemetry PCM-FMFrequency Modulation Soyuz-MS spacecraft telemetry. 166 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PCM, FMFrequency Modulation 250 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Souz166.JPG
SuperDARN (Super Dual Auroral Radar Network) SuperDARN (Super Dual Auroral Radar Network) is an international radar network used for scientific purposes. The network is used to study plasma convection in the upper atmosphere. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 20 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Superdarn.PNG
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) is a control system architecture that is used in industrial applications for computerized automated systems. Wireless telemetry is used on RTU's to send data to control units for operators to utilize. 413 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 950 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 12 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz SCADA2.png
T-230-1A 'Mahovik' Mahovik, "Flywheel" in Russian, is a PSKPhase-Shift Keying based mode that can transmit both voice and data. It is transmitted from a Russian T-230-1A radio transceiver. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying 2.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia Flywheel.jpg
TDF TDF is a time signal transmitted on the former carrier of France's France Inter longwave AMAmplitude Modulation radio station on 162 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz. 162 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). France TDF.jpg
Tactical Air Navigation System (TACAN) Radio navigation technology that measures the slant range (distance) between an aircraft and a ground station 960 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 1,213 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide TACAN.png
Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) TETRA is a professional mobile radio and two-way transceiver (walkie-talkie) specification 380 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 430 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation PSKPhase-Shift Keying 25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide TETRA.jpg
Tetrapol Tetrapol is a digital professional mobile radio standard for digital voice and data communication used by public safety and military throughout Europe. Tetrapol was originally developed by Matra Communication (Currently part of EADS/Airbus Group) in France in the 1980's. 370 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GMSKGaussian Minimum-Shift Keying 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 12.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Europe Tetrapolnew.jpg
Thales Système 3000 HF Modem Thales Système 3000 is a HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) modem capable of many different modes of transmission. It has a unique preamble and format to it's signals. 1.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 3 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Systeme Thales ALE and Vx.jpg
The Alarm Channel marker of a Russian military station nicknamed "The Alarm". "The Alarm" is a Russian military commandment network serving the Western Military District. So far, apart from test counts, it has not been heard with any actual traffic. 4.77 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) 2.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia Annotation 2019-10-12 140231.png
The Buzzer (ZhUOZ MDZhB UZB76) The Buzzer, call-sign NZhTI (formerly ANVF, ZhUOZ, MDZhB and UZB-76), is a Russian Military Commandment system signal used to broadcast diplomatic ciphered messages known as "monolit" to the russian navy. If there is no message to broadcast, its "homing" signal is a loud ship-horn buzzing sound. It is believed to serve a similar purposes to The Alarm and The Air Horn. 4.625 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 6.998 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) 2.8 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia Buzzer.png
The Goose Channel marker of the Russian military station nicknamed "The Goose", for its distinct channel marker sound. Uses 3243 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz in nighttime, and 4310kHz in daytime. 3.243 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 4.31 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) AMAmplitude Modulation 3.1 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Russia 3245.7+-7.3KHz.jpg
The Pip The Pip is the nickname given by radio listeners to a shortwave radio station that broadcasts on the frequency 5448 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz by day, and 3756 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz during the night. It broadcasts short, repeated beeps at a rate of around 50 per minute, for 24 hours per day. The beep signal is occasionally interrupted by voice messages in Russian. The Pip has been active since around 1986 when its distinctive beeping sound was first recorded by listeners. While its official name or callsign is not known, some of the voice transmissions begin with the code 8S1Shch (Cyrillic: 8С1Щ), which is generally considered to be the name of the station. However, this code may not be a callsign, but instead, serve some other purpose. Radioscanner.ru identifies the owner of this station as a North-Caucasian military district communication center with callsign "Akacia" (ex-72nd communication center, Russian "72 узел связи штаба СКВО") 3.756 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 5.448 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables),AMAmplitude Modulation Russia The Pip.PNG
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) TPMS (Tire-Pressure Monitoring System), more specifically Direct TPMS (dTPMS), is a system that uses pressure sensors to monitor tire pressure on vehicles. 315 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 434 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 100 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide TPMS.png
Toyota Car Key Wireless entry rolling code car key. 315 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 433 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation 40 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide ToyotaCarFob Waterfall.png
Transit 5B-5 Transit 5B-5, a former TRANSIT navigation satellite, is the oldest satellite known to still transmit a signal. Considered "dead" because its navigational systems failed after 19 days of operation, it still emits a telemetry signal when illuminated. 136.658 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz WFMWideband Frequency Modulation PCM, PAMPulse Amplitude Modulation, FMFrequency Modulation, PM 32 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Transit 5B-5Waterfall.png
UK AM Data System (UK-AMDS) UK AMAmplitude Modulation Data System (UK-AMDS) was developed by BBC Research and Development in 1984 as a way to transmit low bitrate data on BBC Radio 4's LFLow Frequency (30-300 kHz) AMAmplitude Modulation carrier. Elements of this system were adopted into ETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards Institute. An independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry in Europe, developing global telecommunications standards.'s AMSS. 198 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz SSBSingle-sideband modulation AMAmplitude Modulation, PSKPhase-Shift Keying 85 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). United Kingdom BBC teleswitch 2.png
UK GOV MIL WINDRM51 UK GOV/MIL "WinDRM51" variant. Unknown purpose, But link between UK & Cyprus has been found some years ago. 9.104 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 13.451 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) OFDMOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 2.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Europe UK WINDRM51.jpg
UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) Time Standard UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) time standard transmission from NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) stations WWV in Fort Collins, Colorado USA and WWVH in Kauai, Hawaii. 2.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 25 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz AMAmplitude Modulation kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States UTC Image.jpg
Ultra Low Latency (ULL) Electronic Trading Network A 48k or 24k baudBaud (unit symbol Bd) is the unit for symbol rate or modulation rate in symbols per second. OQPSK signal that is strongly suspected (through numerous circumstancial pieces of evidence) to be either an experimental or active P2P RFRadio Frequency link between financial market data centers, used for High Frequency Trading (HFT) and other latency-sensitive market activities. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 20 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW OQPSK 30 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 60 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz United States HF Monster 48k Crop.PNG
VARA HF VARA HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) is a sound-card mode used to exchange traffic (Mostly Winlink traffic) on the HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) bands 1.8 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 54 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) BPSKBinary Phase-Shift Keying (1 bit per symbol), 4-8PSK8-Phase Phase-Shift Keying (3 bits per symbol), 16-32QAM, FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 2.75 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide VARA HF.PNG
VEZHA-S Two-way 100 BdBaud (unit symbol Bd) is the unit for symbol rate or modulation rate in symbols per second./500 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russian Telegraph system, attributed name VEZHA-C (Tower-S), usage claimed to be by Russian Ministry of Communications (MinComSvyaz Rossii). Possible usage in meteorology under callsign RWD59. 2.755 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 12.165 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 650 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia RUS FSK COMMS.jpg
VHF Data Link - Mode 2 (VDL-M2) VDL-M2 (Known as VDL2 or VDLM2) is a means of sending information between aircraft and ground stations. VDL Mode 2 is the only VDL mode being implemented operationally to support Controller Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC). An extension to the AVLC protocol permits ACARS over AVLC (AOA) transmissions. VDL-M2 is implemented by Eurocontrol. 117.975 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 137 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW PSKPhase-Shift Keying 25 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide VDL2 Waterfallthmb.jpg
VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR) A type of radio navigation system used by aircraft. It is distinctive in that the center frequency is flanked by two FMFrequency Modulation waves. 108 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 117.95 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation AMAmplitude Modulation, FMFrequency Modulation 21 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide VORthmbnew.png
Vaisala RS41-SG Weather Balloon (Radiosonde) Weather balloon (radiosonde) telemetry data. 400 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 406 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying 4.8 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Rs41 radiosonde wf.png
Vaisala RS92-SGP Weather Balloon (Radiosonde) Weather balloon (radiosonde) telemetry data. 400.15 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 405.99 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz NFMNarrowband Frequency Modulation GFSKGaussian Frequency-Shift Keying 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide VaisalaRS92SGP.png
Vehicle Counting System Data transmitted from a vehicle counting system installed in car parks. The data is frequency hopping over 10 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz. 915 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 925 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 10 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Australia Flinders Uni Vehicle Counting System Waterfall.PNG
Vietnamese Siren Jammer Used to interrupt AMAmplitude Modulation boardcast stations such as Radio Free Asia, Radio Đáp Lời Song Núi as well as Radio Sweden. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 20 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) Unknown 2.7 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide Vietnamese Siren Jammer.PNG
Visonic MCT-201 MCT-201 is a Miniature Pendant PowerCode Wireless Transmitter by Visonic. It is designed for emergency and control applications in wireless security systems, and home automation and remote control systems. 315 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 868 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PWMPulse Width Modulation kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide MCT-201.jpg
WEFAX Radiofax (Also known as Weatherfax, HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz)-FAX, WEFAX, and Weather Facsimile) is a slow scan analog image transmission mode used for the transmission of weather charts and meteorological reports. MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) FMFrequency Modulation kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide Weather Fascimile.jpg
WSPR Weak Signal Propagation Reporter. 136 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 1,296.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) MFSKMultiple Frequency Shift-Keying HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Worldwide WSPR.png
WWVB WWVB is the lowest frequency time signal in the USA. 60 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave AMAmplitude Modulation HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). United States WWVB-1.png
Wireless Hydrophone System (WHS) 434.225 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz RAW PPMPulse Position Modulation Europe Výstřižek.PNG
Wireless Temperature Sensor The freezer temperature is requested by a master at regular intervals, and the slave attached to a freezer responds. The communication format appears to be a variant of chirp spread spectrum, (although the spectrum it consumes is quite narrow at ~150 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz). 434 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Chirp Spread Spectrum 150 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Australia WTS.png
XMPP trials XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) on shortwave is used by the military and are known for using MIL 188-110A Serial HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) waveform and 6-bit code clear text with dual bursts of STANAGNATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG), defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).-5439 and STANAGNATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG), defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).-5066 as for XMPP Multi-User Chat (MUC) messages MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 7.8 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) PSKPhase-Shift Keying, QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation 34 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide XMPP EXAMPLE.png
Yaesu System Fusion System Fusion is Yaesu's digital voice/data protocol for amateur radio, using the AMBE+2 vocoder on a C4FMContinuous 4-Level Frequency Modulation signal. 144 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 450 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation 4FSK4-Level Frequency Shift Keying 16 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz Worldwide YSFopt.png
Électricité de France HNZ Electrical substation SCADA protocol used by EDF (Électricité de France). 68.5 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz — 73.3 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz FMFrequency Modulation AFSKAudio Frequency-Shift Keying kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz France NoWaterfallFiller.png

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